A glycoside poison that binds to and inhibits the action of the Na+/K+ pump in the cell membrane. In their studies, dogs had their renal blood flow reduced significantly by constricting the aorta above the renal arteries and were given supramaximal doses of fludrocortisone, a synthetic analogue of aldosterone, and vasopressin before being challenged with intravenous saline. A recent article from workers in Germany has documented their attempt to do just that using state-of-the-art mass spectrometry.40 Their technique was rigorously validated and benefited from an internal standard of D3 ouabain where 3 of the hydrogen atoms are replaced by deuterium, giving a compound of virtually indistinguishable physical and chemical characteristics but with a mass of 587 as opposed to 584 Da for the natural compound. Ouabain is a cardiac glycoside and in lower doses, can be used medically to treat hypotension and some arrhythmias. On his detailed website – www.strophantus.de – all aspects of ouabain are dealt with in English. Dr. Wieland Debusmann, who had a heart attack himself at the young age of 42, is an expert on ouabain. Recent findings Chronic elevation of brain sodium promotes sustained hypertension mediated by central endogenous ouabain and the Na+ pump α-2 catalytic subunit. No endogenous ouabain is detectable in human plasma by ultra-sensitive UPLC-MS/MS. Under certain conditions, however, it was converted into its borate and/or other inorganic derivatives; the form in vivo adopted by ouabain is unknown. Ouabain was primarily postulated as a natriuretic hormone acting by inhibiting the Na-K-ATPase (sodium pump) in the kidneys and - as a side effect - also in the blood vessels creating hypertension. *Please select more than one item to compare Ouabain is not detectable in human plasma. Despite investigations from many laboratories, the identity of the inhibitor compound(s) remained elusive until 1991 when Hamlyn and colleagues from the Upjohn Laboratories in Kalamazoo, Michigan, and the Department of Physiology at the University of Maryland addressed this issue by concentrating large volumes of human plasma and subjecting them to liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Furthermore, involvement in mammalian metabolism of rhamnose, the sugar moiety of ouabain, is most unusual. Rostafuroxin: an ouabain antagonist that corrects renal and vascular Na+-K+- ATPase alterations in ouabain and adducin-dependent hypertension. https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.114.03919, National Center An inhibitor of the sodium pump obtained from human placenta. Accordingly, an ouabain- and bumetanide- insensitive. Dallas, TX 75231 Ouabain is only sold in Germany as a pharmaceutical product. Warning: Ingestion of ouabain may result in sudden onset of seizures or loss of consciousness. The intermediary pressor mechanism in the brain involves aldosterone biosynthesis, activation of mineralocorticoid receptors and increased epithelial sodium channel activity. In 1975, it was shown that patients with essential hypertension had, as a group, reduced activity of the sodium pump of leukocytes, with corresponding elevated values for intracellular sodium.5 This finding proved to be reproducible in various laboratories, and once again the effect was transmissible by exposing normal cells to the plasma of hypertensives. Effects of an endogenous ouabainlike compound on heart and aorta. It is certainly preferable to take ouabain with the support of an experienced doctor to get the best result. Ouabain (NSC 25485) is a selective Na+/K+, -ATPase inhibitor, binds to α2 /α3 subunit with Ki of 41 nM/15 nM. However, it is unknown at this time whether EB-labeled cells solely originated from the potential “progenitor” cells in the subgranular zone or cells pre-existing within the GCL. By the late 1970s, the reasonable question was that, given the repeated demonstration of the phenomena noted above, what was the circulating agent involved? However, … We endorse the view of the workers at the University of Maryland and their colleagues in 2009 that more experimental work is needed to allay lingering concerns24 and challenge those who remain convinced that EO exists in human to provide incontrovertible evidence to this effect. The PM of most rat cells contains both low (alpha1) and high (alpha2 or alpha3) ouabain affinity isoforms, but precise localization of specific isoforms, and their functional significance, are unknown. Proving that something does not exist, especially in a complex milieu such as plasma, is no easy matter. Ouabain comes from the seeds of a beautiful blooming liana that is mainly found in tropical Africa. 630-60-4. Ouabain (25, 50 or 100 nM) treatment significantly reduces cell proliferation and viability in Raji cells in a dose-dependent manner, with IC 50 of 76.48±4.03 nM. Isoform alpha1 was ubiquitously distributed over the surfaces of these cells. [1] It is also unknown whether brain “ouabain” and the brain RAS contribute to salt-sensitive hypertension as two parallel systems or whether one is downstream of the other, that is, one activates the other. By continuing to browse this site you are agreeing to our use of cookies. 40 These data, produced by particularly experienced workers, cannot be dismissed. Ouabain is a selective Na+, K+-ATPase inhibitor. Milestones in elucidating the endogenous ouabain-Na + pump endocrine system. Ouabain or acetyl strophanthidin is unknown to most doctors. Furthermore, ouabain (1–100 μM) induced dose-dependent contractility in isolated working hearts from WT and cav-1 KO mice. Ouabain is only available on a doctor’s prescription and is produced in liquid form. Coma, respiratory failure, and heart failure may also occur. Normal pregnancy: mechanisms underlying the paradox of a ouabain-resistant state with elevated endogenous ouabain, suppressed arterial sodium calcium exchange, and low blood pressure. (The drugs were later publicly identified as digitalis and ouabain, both of which are cardenolide-type cardiac glycosides.) Endogenous substance in newborn infants causing false positive digoxin measurements. We found that the same nontoxic concentrations of ouabain that cause partial inhibition of Na1-K1-ATPase and an increase in [Ca 21] i also stimulate the nonproliferative growth (hypertrophy) of myocytes and regulate the transcription of a number of growth-related genes (13, 24). Following this lead, our group in London saw weak sodium pump inhibitory action in a large series of cord blood samples17; however, the amounts were insufficient to characterize the material from that source. Ouabain increases the number of apoptotic cells, induces autophagy, and upregulates Beclin-1 in Raji cells. An acute increase in brain sodium causes sympathoexcitatory and pressor responses. Mass spectral characterization of an endogenous digitalislike factor from human plasma. Perhaps ouabain could be regarded as a blood pressure controling hormone in a physiologically positive manner. Contact: www.teebrasil.com . For example, it is possible to quote a plasma concentration of prednisolone using an immunoassay for cortisol and factoring in the known cross-reactivity and near certainty that high-dose prednisolone administration will almost totally inhibit cortisol secretion in most circumstances. Fact or fantasy? Ouabain or acetyl strophanthidin is unknown to most doctors. Hunters want ouabain to be deadly when used on an arrow, but no one wants a fatal contraceptive. The German pharmaceutical ouabain solutions are of good quality and the content is standardized. use prohibited. Editorial. Endogenous ouabain and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system: distinct effects on Na handling and blood pressure in human hypertension. The Na,K-ATPase is the membrane “pump” that generates the Na and K gradients across the plasma membrane that drives many physiological processes. Rostafuroxin ameliorates endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress in resistance arteries from deoxycorticosterone acetate-salt hypertensive rats: the role of Na+K+-ATPase/cSRC pathway. In particular, cross-reactivity is an everpresent risk. A different approach to the isolation of a circulating inhibitor of the sodium pump in humans was also pursued. Package Price; 250 mg: $80.00. Search results for Ouabain at Sigma-Aldrich. On the assumption that the ion seen by Hamlyn and colleagues was indeed ouabain, an immunoassay to this compound was developed and commercialized by Du Pont–New England Nuclear. 10mM * 1mL in DMSO: $61.00. Compare Products: Select up to 4 products. Ouabain, a circulating hormone secreted by the adrenals, is pivotal in cardiovascular disease. Local Info 1-800-242-8721 In the aorta from SHR, ouabain at micromolar concentrations releases an unknown vasoconstrictor factor not related to products from the arachidonic acid pathway or free radical release (39). Ouabain (100 nM) inhibits ATPase activities with 25%. Essential hypertension is a complex, multifactorial disease associated with a high cardiovascular risk and whose genetic-molecular basis is heterogeneous and largely unknown. In multiple placental tissue extractions, which showed inhibition of the sodium pump, no trace of ouabain was ever seen on mass spectrometry. Every patient needs his personal dosage. revealed several previously unknown effects of ouabain on cardiac myocytes. These results demonstrated differential roles of cav-1 in the regulation of ouabain signaling and contractility. Although the outcome of this trial does not disprove the existence and pathophysiological importance of EO in the majority of patients with essential hypertension, it does not support the underlying premise. Ouabain is only available on a doctor’s prescription and is produced in liquid form. Sodium and potassium in the pathogenesis of hypertension. Most of them however limit their activities to German speaking patients. 2000 mg: $450.00. Signs and Symptoms of Ouabain Exposure: Acute ouabain exposure may produce the following signs and symptoms: nausea, vomiting, headache, lethargy, drowsiness, confusion, slowed pulse, varying degrees of heart block, and heart arrhythmias. Rb + influx has been previously obser ved in LLC-PK1. cells, suggesting the presence of unkn own K + uptake. When added to earlier observations by ourselves and several other research groups, it seems highly likely that the plasma EO concentrations quoted by immunoassay do not represent authentic ouabain. This enzyme is highly sensitive to inhibition by cardiotonic steroids, most notably the digitalis/ouabain class of compounds, which have been used for centuries to treat congestive heart failure and arrhythmias. The effect of expanding the blood volume of a dog on the short-circuit current across an isolated frog skin incorporated in the dog’s circulation. Ouabain; Ouabain. Factors influencing leucocyte sodium transport in hypertension. The Na+/K+ ATPase acts both as an ion-transporter and as a receptor for cardiac glycosides. The effect of plasma from blood volume expanded dogs on sodium, potassium and PAH transport of renal tubule fragments. 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